Which patient characteristic suggests a higher risk of pulmonary embolism?

The characteristic that indicates a higher risk of pulmonary embolism is obesity coupled with recent inactivity. This combination is a well-documented risk factor because obesity increases the pressure in the venous system, leading to venous stasis or slower blood flow. When paired with recent inactivity, such as prolonged bed rest or sitting for long periods, the likelihood of blood clots forming in the veins increases significantly. If these clots dislodge, they can travel to the lungs and cause a pulmonary embolism, which is a serious condition.

On the other hand, a history of asthma, engagement in regular exercise, and a history of recent upper respiratory infections do not directly correlate with an increased risk for pulmonary embolism. While asthma can affect lung function, it does not increase the risk of clot formation. Regular exercise is generally associated with improved circulation and a reduced risk of blood clots. Recent upper respiratory infections may affect respiratory health but are not linked to the mechanisms that lead to pulmonary embolism.